Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is a pivotal area of study for enhancing communication in children with Down’s syndrome (DS). According to a systematic review titled "Augmentative and alternative communication in children with Down’s syndrome: a systematic review" by Barbosa et al. (2018), various AAC tools have been identified as effective in improving communication and socialization in this population.
Here, we discuss key findings from the review and how practitioners can apply these insights to improve outcomes for children with DS.
Key AAC Tools and Their Efficacy
The review identified 12 instruments that significantly aid in the communication process for children with DS. The most frequently used tools include:
- Speech-Generating Devices (SGDs): These devices, also known as voice output communication aids, have been shown to improve speech, cognition, and social interaction in children with DS. Four studies involving 29 children aged 3 to 12 demonstrated these benefits.
- Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS): Used in three studies involving 28 children, PECS facilitates language skills and social communication by allowing children to exchange image cards to communicate.
- Sign Language System (MAKATON): This system, which combines speech, signs, and symbols, was used in two studies with 20 children, showing improvements in language development.
- Picture Communication Symbols (PCS): PCS aids in visual perception and speed of communication. Two studies with 22 participants demonstrated its efficacy.
Implementing AAC Tools in Practice
Practitioners can leverage these findings to implement AAC tools effectively:
- Training and Specialization: Teachers and therapists should receive specialized training in the use of SGDs and PECS, as these tools have shown significant benefits.
- Customization: Consider the individual preferences and cognitive levels of children when selecting AAC tools. Tailoring the approach can enhance the effectiveness of the intervention.
- Integration with Other Interventions: Combining AAC tools with other communication strategies, such as environmental arrangement and prompting, can further enhance communication outcomes.
Encouraging Further Research
While the systematic review provides a robust foundation, further research is necessary to address some limitations, such as small sample sizes and lack of control groups. Future studies should focus on long-term follow-ups and standardized methods to validate the efficacy of AAC tools.
To read the original research paper, please follow this link: Augmentative and alternative communication in children with Down’s syndrome: a systematic review.
