The recent systematic review titled "School-based law enforcement strategies to reduce crime, increase perceptions of safety, and improve learning outcomes in primary and secondary schools" by Fisher et al. has uncovered startling findings that could change the way we think about school safety. While the intention behind school-based law enforcement (SBLE) is to create a safer learning environment, the research suggests otherwise.
Key Findings
The review, which synthesized data from 32 reports, revealed several critical insights:
- Increased Crime and Behavior Problems: Schools with SBLE reported higher levels of crime and behavior problems compared to those without. This is contrary to the expected crime deterrent effect.
- Higher Rates of Exclusionary Discipline: SBLE presence was associated with increased rates of exclusionary discipline, such as suspensions and expulsions, both at the school and student levels.
- No Impact on Learning Outcomes: The presence of SBLE did not show any significant effect on learning outcomes, including test scores and attendance.
- Mixed Perceptions of Safety: While there was a slight increase in the perception of safety among schools with SBLE, this finding was based on limited data and should be interpreted cautiously.
Implications for Practitioners
These findings suggest that the presence of SBLE may not be the best approach to ensuring school safety and improving student outcomes. Here are some actionable steps for practitioners:
- Reevaluate SBLE Programs: Given the lack of evidence supporting the effectiveness of SBLE, schools should reconsider their investment in these programs.
- Focus on Positive Behavioral Interventions: Instead of punitive measures, schools should adopt evidence-based strategies like Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) to manage student behavior.
- Enhance School Climate: Invest in programs that improve school climate and foster a sense of belonging among students. This can reduce behavior problems and improve academic outcomes.
- Conduct Further Research: Practitioners should engage in or support further research to explore alternative methods for improving school safety and student well-being.
Conclusion
The findings from this systematic review challenge the conventional wisdom surrounding school-based law enforcement. By shifting focus to more effective, evidence-based strategies, schools can create a safer and more supportive environment for all students.
To read the original research paper, please follow this link: School-based law enforcement strategies to reduce crime, increase perceptions of safety, and improve learning outcomes in primary and secondary schools: A systematic review.
