Understanding the Special Education Process in Kentucky
The Special Education Process in Kentucky is a comprehensive framework designed to identify, evaluate, and provide necessary educational services to children with disabilities. Governed by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and Kentucky Administrative Regulations (KARs), this process ensures that children between the ages of 3 and 21 who reside within a district's boundaries receive the support they need.
Key Steps in the Special Education Process
The process involves several critical steps:
- Referral: Referrals can be made by parents, school personnel, or outside agencies when a child is suspected of having special education needs. Referrals can be verbal or written and must be acted upon promptly by the district.
- Response to Intervention (RtI): Before or during the referral process, students receive research-based interventions in a general education setting. This helps identify students who may need further evaluation for special education services.
- Initial Evaluation: A comprehensive evaluation determines if a student has a disability and identifies their educational strengths and needs. This evaluation must be completed within 60 school days of receiving parental consent.
- Eligibility Determination: The Admissions and Release Committee (ARC) meets to discuss evaluation results and determine eligibility for special education services. This decision is based on whether the disability adversely affects the student's educational performance.
- Individual Education Program (IEP) Development: If eligible, an IEP is developed within the same 60 school days. The IEP outlines the specially designed instruction and services the student will receive.
- Service Delivery: Schools must ensure that the IEP is implemented and that all involved parties understand their responsibilities. Services are provided as documented in the IEP.
- Progress Monitoring and Reporting: The student's progress towards annual goals is measured and reported to parents as indicated in the IEP. This helps ensure that the educational goals are being met.
- Annual Review and Reevaluation: The IEP is reviewed at least annually to assess progress and make necessary adjustments. Reevaluations occur every three years unless deemed unnecessary by the ARC.
Role of the Kentucky Multi-Tiered System of Supports (KyMTSS)
The KyMTSS is a prevention system that integrates core instruction, assessment, and intervention to support student achievement and social-emotional competencies. It is closely aligned with the RtI process and ensures that students receive appropriate interventions early on.
Legal and Procedural Considerations
Throughout the process, districts must adhere to legal and procedural requirements. This includes providing research-based interventions, collecting data, and ensuring parental consent is obtained before evaluations or services are provided. The ARC plays a crucial role in making informed decisions based on comprehensive data and assessments.
For more detailed guidance on the Special Education Process in Kentucky, please follow this link.
