Rwanda has made remarkable strides in reducing under-five mortality over the past decades. However, the journey is far from over, as 5.8% of children still do not reach their fifth birthday. The research article "Next wave of interventions to reduce under-five mortality in Rwanda: a cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health survey data" sheds light on critical factors that continue to influence child mortality and offers insights into future interventions.
Poverty Reduction
Poverty remains a significant predictor of under-five mortality. The study highlights that children from the poorest households are nearly twice as likely to die before their fifth birthday compared to those from wealthier families. Practitioners can focus on strengthening community-based health insurance programs that eliminate financial barriers for the poorest families. By advocating for policies that address income inequality and enhance social equity, we can create environments where every child has a chance to thrive.
Access to Family Planning
The research underscores the importance of family planning in reducing child mortality. Closely spaced births and unintended pregnancies are linked to higher under-five mortality rates. Practitioners should advocate for increased access to contraceptive methods and education on healthy birth spacing. Encouraging conversations around family planning can empower women and reduce the risks associated with rapid successive pregnancies.
HIV Services
Despite low HIV prevalence in Rwanda compared to neighboring countries, children of seropositive mothers face heightened risks. Early infant testing and comprehensive post-natal follow-ups are crucial. Practitioners should focus on promoting antenatal care visits and supporting national programs like the B+ treatment program to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Malaria Prevention
Malaria remains a leading cause of under-five mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study found that children with access to mosquito nets had significantly lower mortality rates. Practitioners can work towards ensuring widespread distribution and proper usage of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) as part of integrated childhood illness management programs.
Addressing Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)
The link between IPV and child mortality is evident in several low-income countries, including Rwanda. Empowering women through education and legal support can mitigate these risks. Practitioners should support initiatives like the Isange One Stop Center program, which provides integrated care for victims of domestic violence.
Conclusion
The path forward involves building on existing programs while addressing gaps identified by recent research. By focusing on neonatal survival, family planning, HIV services, malaria prevention, and IPV mitigation, practitioners can contribute significantly to reducing under-five mortality in Rwanda.
To read the original research paper, please follow this Next wave of interventions to reduce under-five mortality in Rwanda: a cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health survey data.
