As practitioners in the field of speech-language pathology, we are always on the lookout for evidence-based interventions that can significantly improve the lives of the children we serve. A recent study titled "Improving neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with congenital heart disease: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of working memory training" offers promising insights into how we can support children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who often struggle with executive function (EF) impairments.
According to the research, executive function impairments are among the most prevalent neurodevelopmental morbidities in youth with CHD. These impairments can manifest as difficulties with working memory, attention regulation, and cognitive flexibility, which can severely impact a child's academic and social success. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) focuses on the efficacy of Cogmed Working Memory Training (Cogmed) in improving these outcomes.
Key Findings from the Research
The study involved 100 children with CHD aged 7-12 years who underwent open-heart surgery before the age of 12 months. Participants were randomly allocated to either an intervention group, which received Cogmed training for approximately five weeks, or a control group that received standard care. The primary outcome measured was the change in standardized mean score on the List Sorting Working Memory test from the National Institutes of Health Toolbox.
Key findings include:
- Improved Working Memory: Children who received Cogmed training showed significant improvements in working memory compared to those in the control group.
- Enhanced Cognitive Flexibility: Secondary outcomes indicated improvements in cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control.
- Reduction in ADHD Symptoms: There was a notable reduction in ADHD symptoms as measured by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition, and the Conners Third Edition.
- Social Skills Improvement: Improvements were also observed in social skills, which are crucial for peer interactions and overall social development.
Implementing the Findings in Practice
For practitioners looking to implement these findings, here are some actionable steps:
- Adopt Evidence-Based Interventions: Consider integrating Cogmed Working Memory Training into your therapeutic practices for children with CHD. The home-based nature of Cogmed makes it a flexible and accessible option for families.
- Monitor Progress: Use standardized tools like the NIH Toolbox and BRIEF-2 to monitor improvements in executive function and adjust interventions as needed.
- Collaborate with Families: Engage parents in the intervention process. Weekly check-ins and progress discussions can help maintain motivation and ensure adherence to the training program.
- Encourage Further Research: While this study provides a strong foundation, ongoing research and trials are essential to understand the long-term benefits and potential adaptations of such interventions.
Conclusion
The research highlights the transformative potential of targeted working memory training for children with CHD. By integrating such evidence-based interventions into our practice, we can help these children overcome significant neurodevelopmental challenges and unlock their full potential.
To read the original research paper, please follow this link: Improving neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with congenital heart disease: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of working memory training.
